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Trustworthy-by-Design Autonomous AI Systems

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Overview

This project focuses on the intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Formal Methods (FM), with an emphasis on automated planning and synthesis.

About this opportunity

There has been a fast-growing trend in developing autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) systems operating in dynamic, partially known, and unpredictable environments. Autonomous AI systems must self-deliberate their behaviours to accomplish tasks, especially in challenging situations when human instructions are lacking or delayed, e.g., autonomous driving cars. In today’s world, numerous sectors are utilizing autonomous systems, including Robotics, Smart Manufacturing, Cybersecurity, Internet of Things, and Space Exploration, but these systems do not always yield good results due to a lack of formal guarantees.

This deficiency poses a significant hurdle in establishing the trustworthiness of AI systems, particularly impeding their widespread adoption in safety-critical and security-critical domains.

 

 

This PhD project aims to advance the design of trustworthy-by-design autonomous AI systems by integrating methodologies from formal verification, automated planning, and recent advances in large language models (LLMs). The project will investigate automated synthesis and planning techniques that generate system controllers whose behaviour provably satisfies high-level specifications. It will explore how LLMs can be used to align system behaviour with human intent, enabling functionalities such as task refinement, natural-language-based goal specification, and multi-task scheduling. Furthermore, the project will develop probabilistic verification techniques to diagnose the root causes of task failures and iteratively refine task plans to improve reliability and robustness. Through this integration, the project seeks to build autonomous systems capable of explaining and adapting their behaviour transparently and verifiably.

Who is this opportunity for?

Candidates will have, or be due to obtain, a Bachelor’s/Master’s Degree or equivalent from a reputable University in an appropriate field of Science and Engineering.

 

Qualifications:

  • Research skills, critical thinking, and analytical abilities
  • Strong written and verbal communication skills
  • Ability to work independently and as part of a research team
  • Knowledge of logical methods, automated reasoning and planning, reactive synthesis

Strong interest in exploring research problems

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How to apply

  1. 1. Contact supervisors

    Email your CV and cover letter to Shufang Zhu: shufang.zhu@liverpool.ac.uk

    Supervisors:

    Dr. Shufang Zhu shufang.zhu@liverpool.ac.uk https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/people/shufang-zhu
    Prof. Sven Schewe svens@liverpool.ac.uk https://www.csc.liv.ac.uk/~sven/
  2. 2. Prepare your application documents

    You may need the following documents to complete your online application:

    • A research proposal (this should cover the research you’d like to undertake)
    • University transcripts and degree certificates to date
    • Passport details (international applicants only)
    • English language certificates (international applicants only)
    • A personal statement
    • A curriculum vitae (CV)
    • Contact details for two proposed supervisors
    • Names and contact details of two referees.
  3. 3. Apply

    Finally, register and apply online. You'll receive an email acknowledgment once you've submitted your application. We'll be in touch with further details about what happens next.

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Funding your PhD

This Faculty-funded studentship will cover full tuition fees at the Home rate (approximately £4,800 per year) and provide a maintenance stipend for 3.5 years starting at the UKRI minimum of £20,780 per annum for academic year 2025-2026, with annual adjustments in line with UKRI levels. In addition, the studentship includes a Research Training Support Grant (RTSG) provided in the first year to support research-related costs over the duration of study.

Please note that for overseas students, the successful applicants will need to cover the difference between home and international fees.

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Contact us

Have a question about this research opportunity or studying a PhD with us? Please get in touch with us, using the contact details below, and we’ll be happy to assist you.

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