Research outputs
2025
AI, data analytics, and digital technology use: A survey of the UK workforce
Yates, S., McClure, S., & Hardy, A. (n.d.). AI, data analytics, and digital technology use: A survey of the UK workforce.
Defence Data Research Centre: UK attitudes towards data
Yates, S., McClure, S., & Hardy, A. (n.d.). Defence Data Research Centre: UK attitudes towards data.
2024
Digital innovation and shelter theory: exploring Estonia’s e-Residency, Data Embassy, and cross-border e-governance initiatives
Hardy, A. (2024). Digital innovation and shelter theory: exploring Estonia’s e-Residency, Data Embassy, and cross-border e-governance initiatives. Journal of Baltic Studies, 55(4), 793-810. doi:10.1080/01629778.2023.2288118
Estonia’s digital diplomacy: Nordic interoperability and the challenges of cross-border e-governance
Hardy, A. (2024). Estonia’s digital diplomacy: Nordic interoperability and the challenges of cross-border e-governance. Internet Policy Review, 13(3). doi:10.14763/2024.3.1785
Attitudes to Data: Workshop Findings Vs Policy
Hardy, A. (n.d.). Attitudes to Data: Workshop Findings Vs Policy. Retrieved from https://ddrc.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DDRC-Workshops-Vs-Policy-Clean.pdf
Attitudes to Data
Hardy, A. (2024). Attitudes to Data. Retrieved from https://ddrc.uk/
2022
Estonia: A Curious and Cautious Approach to Artificial Intelligence and National Security
Robinson, N., Hardy, A., & Ertan, A. (2022). Estonia: A Curious and Cautious Approach to Artificial Intelligence and National Security. In S. Romaniuk, & M. Manjikian (Eds.), Routledge Companion to Artificial Intelligence and National Security Policy. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4105328: Routledge.
Securing e-Estonia: Challenges, Insecurities, Opportunities
Hardy, A. (2022). Securing e-Estonia: Challenges, Insecurities, Opportunities. (Royal Holloway, University of London).
2021
Estonia: From the "Bronze Night" to Cybersecurity Pioneers
Robinson, N., & Hardy, A. (2021). Estonia: From the "Bronze Night" to Cybersecurity Pioneers. In S. Romaniuk, & M. Manjikian (Eds.), Routledge Companion to Global Cyber Security Strategy. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429399718-19: Routledge.