Skip to main content
What types of page to search?

Alternatively use our A-Z index.

Multiphysics Modelling of Durability and Failure in Unbonded Offshore Flexible Pipes for Ammonia Service

Reference number N0MES003

Funding
Study mode
Full-time
Part-time
Apply by
Start date
Subject area
Engineering
Change country or region

We’re currently showing entry requirements and other information for applicants with qualifications from United Kingdom.

Please select from our list of commonly chosen countries below or choose your own.

If your country or region isn’t listed here, please contact us with any questions about studying with us.

Overview

Renewable Energy is one of the fastest growing sectors addressing the most important challenges of our age. Offshore renewables, energy distribution, and the environmental impacts of constructing and decommissioning the infrastructure are some one of the most pressing research themes faced by the UK and beyond. The Net Zero Maritime Energy Solutions Centre (N0MES) for Doctoral Training is creating the future specialist workforce needed by our industrial partners through PhD projects finding solutions to real-life industrial needs

About this opportunity

The successful PhD student will be co-supervised and work alongside our external partner Baker Hughes (https://www.bakerhughes.com/).

This PhD project aims to develop, validate and apply a pioneering multi-physics numerical modelling framework to predict the thermo-mechanical performance and failure mechanisms of unbonded offshore flexible pipes in ammonia service. The research addresses critical risks posed by ammonia’s chemical aggressiveness and cryogenic temperatures, which can trigger stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and embrittlement in metallic armour layers—failure modes not covered by existing design codes.

The project’s objectives form a comprehensive research pipeline. It will commence by establishing a foundational material database, leveraging available literature on the temperature-dependent mechanical and SCC behaviour of key pipe materials (e.g., high-strength steel wires, polymers) in ammonia environments. This data will directly inform the development of sophisticated 3D thermo-mechanical finite element models, which will uniquely capture the complex, non-linear interactions of the pipe’s unbonded layers, including inter-layer contact, friction, and thermal effects. The framework will then be advanced by incorporating SCC and fracture mechanics sub-models to simulate the initiation and propagation of environmentally assisted cracking.

A key phase will be the validation and calibration of these integrated models. This will primarily utilise published experimental data, with the scope to potentially design and conduct targeted laboratory tests should specific data gaps be identified. The final, calibrated framework will be deployed to predict performance envelopes and provide robust service-life estimates for pipes under operational and accidental loading scenarios.

The outcomes will deliver predictive design tools, provide material and design optimisation guidance for ammonia-compatible pipes, and reduce industry qualification costs through a validated simulation-based approach, enabling safer offshore ammonia infrastructure.

N0MES offers 4-year PhD studentships for exceptional researchers. With the support of the University of Liverpool (UoL), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU) and over 30 maritime energy sector partners, N0MES postgraduate researchers will pursue new, engineering-centred, interdisciplinary research

Back to top

Who is this for?

Candidates will have, or be due to obtain, a Master’s Degree or equivalent in a relevant subject. Exceptional candidates with a First Class Bachelor’s Degree in an appropriate field or significant relevant experience will also be considered.

Back to top

How to apply

  1. 1. Contact supervisors

    Candidates wishing to apply should complete the University of Liverpool application form to apply for a PhD in Engineering.

    Please review our guide on How to apply for a PhD | Postgraduate research | University of Liverpool carefully and complete the online postgraduate research application form to apply for this PhD project.

    Please ensure you include the project title and reference number N0MES003 when applying.

    Supervisors:

    Dr Xue Zhang xue.zhang2@liverpool.ac.uk https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/people/xue-zhang
    Dr William Christian W.J.R.Christian@liverpool.ac.uk https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/people/william-christian
  2. 2. Prepare your application documents

    You may need the following documents to complete your online application:

    • A research proposal (this should cover the research you’d like to undertake)
    • University transcripts and degree certificates to date
    • Passport details (international applicants only)
    • English language certificates (international applicants only)
    • A personal statement
    • A curriculum vitae (CV)
    • Contact details for two proposed supervisors
    • Names and contact details of two referees.
  3. 3. Apply

    Finally, register and apply online. You'll receive an email acknowledgment once you've submitted your application. We'll be in touch with further details about what happens next.

Back to top

Funding your PhD

This Studentship is co-funded by UKRI and Baker Hughes. The funded Studentship will cover full tuition fees (for 2025-26 this is £5,006 pa.) and pay a maintenance grant for 4 years, at the UKRI standard rates (for 2025-26 this is £20,780 pa.) The Studentship also comes with access to additional funding in the form of a Research Training Support Grant to fund consumables, conference attendance, etc.

UKRI Studentships are available to any prospective student wishing to apply including both home and international students. While UKRI funding will not cover international fees, a limited number of scholarships to meet the fee difference will be available to support outstanding international students.

We want all of our Staff and Students to feel that Liverpool is an inclusive and welcoming environment that actively celebrates and encourages diversity. We are committed to working with students to make all reasonable project adaptations including supporting those with caring responsibilities, disabilities or other personal circumstances. For example, If you have a disability you may be entitled to a Disabled Students Allowance on top of your studentship to help cover the costs of any additional support that a person studying for a doctorate might need as a result. We believe everyone deserves an excellent education and encourage students from all backgrounds and personal circumstances to apply.

Back to top

Contact us

Have a question about this research opportunity or studying a PhD with us? Please get in touch with us, using the contact details below, and we’ll be happy to assist you.

Back to top