This module introduces the principles and practice of ontologies and knowledge graphs (combining ontologies with data to enable shared meaning, integration, and intelligent querying across systems). Students will learn how to design, build, and maintain ontologies using industry-standard Semantic Web technologies, including RDF, OWL, and SPARQL, and how to apply modelling best practices across the ontology engineering lifecycle. The module also develops skills in querying and validating knowledge graph data, using reasoning tools to check consistency and derive implied knowledge, and tackling real-world interoperability challenges through ontology alignment and matching. By the end, students will be able to create well-structured knowledge graphs, justify modelling choices, and evaluate the quality and integration of semantic resources in practical applications..