Module Specification

The information contained in this module specification was correct at the time of publication but may be subject to change, either during the session because of unforeseen circumstances, or following review of the module at the end of the session. Queries about the module should be directed to the member of staff with responsibility for the module.
Title Electrical Circuits & Power Systems
Code ELEC209
Coordinator Dr AA Al Ataby
Electrical Engineering and Electronics
Ali.Al-Ataby@liverpool.ac.uk
Year CATS Level Semester CATS Value
Session 2022-23 Level 5 FHEQ First Semester 15

Aims

This modules aims to equip students with tools to analyse inter-related circuits and systems. To provide students with an introduction to the components and composition of an electric power system.  To consider the different primary energy sources and the way in which power is delivered to the customers.


Pre-requisites before taking this module (other modules and/or general educational/academic requirements):

ELEC142 Electrical Circuits & Systems; MATH192 MATHEMATICS II FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS 

Co-requisite modules:

 

Learning Outcomes

(LO1) Knowledge and understanding of magnetically coupled circuits and the concept of mutual inductance.

(LO2) Knowledge and understanding of three-phase networks and the concept of a balanced and unbalanced networks.

(LO3) Knowledge and understanding of response of simple networks to transient.

(LO4) Knowledge and understanding of the interconnection of two port networks and various modelling parameters.

(LO5) Knowledge and understanding of power, power balance, power systems.

(LO6) Knowledge and understanding of components of a power system.

(LO7) Knowledge and understanding of the per-unit systems.

(LO8) Knowledge and understanding of different alternative energy sources.

(LO9) Knowledge and understanding of induction generators.

(LO10) Knowledge and understanding of synchronous generators.

(LO11) Knowledge and understanding of unbalanced powers systems operation and type of faults.

(LO12) New Introduction for 2021: Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis (CACA) and Computer-Aided Circuit Design (CACD) using MATLAB.

(S1) On successful completion of the module, students should be able to show experience and enhancement of the following key skills: Independent learning. Problem solving and design skills.

(S2) Students on completion of the module should be able to: perform measurements on simple circuits containing magnetic circuits; analyse and present results; provide an interpretation of those results; undertake calculations relevant to the steady state operation of a power system; be confident in the use of the per-unit system, both in the representation of circuit quantities and in calculations.

(S3) After completion of the module, the students should be able to demonstate ability in applying knowledge of the module topics to: Analyse simple magnetic circuits and calculated induced voltages and currents. Analyse simple magnetic coupled circuits. Understand the reason for 3 phase circuits and to be able to calculate currents and voltages. Analyse and calculate the transient response of first and second order filter circuits. Understand the concept of two port networks. Use complex arithmetic in the analysis of equivalent circuits for transformers and alternators. Analyse 3-phase systems using per unit system and single line equivalent circuit. Appreciate the roles of different energy sources in an integrated system. Have a grounding that will allow him or her to follow the public debate on energy policy over the next decade.

(S4) After completion of the module, the student should have knowledge and understanding of: Magnetically coupled circuits and the concept of mutual inductance; three phase networks and the concept of a balanced and unbalanced network; response of simple networks to transient; the interconnection of two port networks including maximum power transfer, insertion loss and impedance matching; the role of computer aided analysis and matrix analysis.

The student should: Know why power systems are necessary and how they are organised in terms of the separation of functions and the basic commercial arrangements; understand that there has to be a continuous balance between generation, load and losses for complex power, and know what would happen if there were to be an imbalance; have an appreciation of the connection between real power flow and phase difference across a line and also of reactive power flow and voltage magnitude difference; understand the application of machine and tran sformer equivalent circuits to power system analysis and how the per unit system simplifies calculations involving transformers; an appreciation of why synchronous machines are used in thermal and nuclear power stations whilst IM's may be used in wind power generation; an understanding of how alternative energy sources have developed over recent years; knowledge of wind, wave and solar energy sources, their energy density and its effect on land usage and an introduction to the theory of conversion from original form to electrical energy; knowledge of the way in which transmission line may be represented in circuit terms and the limitations of each form of circuit; knowledge of the interconnected nature of a transmission system, and by comparison of the radial nature of a distribution system; knowledge of the voltage levels used within systems and of the statutory requirements to maintain voltage and frequency; an ability to use the equivalent circuits of the different pieces of eq uipment to derive a circuit description of the power system and an ability to undertake simple balance fault calculations.


Syllabus

 

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

Magnetically Coupled Circuits: The application of phasors to ac circuits, magnetically coupled circuits, self and mutual inductance, the dot convention, transformers.

Three Phase Circuits: Concept of polyphase circuit, balanced and unbalanced three-phase circuits, three phase power.

Transient Networks: Transient response of networks (DC and AC operation), transient and steady state responses, first and second order circuits, over current and over voltage caused by switching transients.

Multiple-port Networks: Two-port networks; various descriptions, interconnections of two-port networks, parameters used to represent two-port networks.

POWER SYSTEMS

Purpose of a Power System: Nature of Real and Reactive power, convention adopted to make reactive power positive for inductive loads, complex power and its determination from V & I*. Need to balance generation load and losses for complex power, effect of imbalance, frequency chan ge, statutory requirements. Organisation in terms of Generation, transmission and distribution and an introduction to the commercial organization.

Generators, transformers and three-phase power: Equivalent circuits of synchronous and asynchronous machines (the latter as generators as well as motors) and of transformers.

System analysis: Description of short, medium and long lines, and their usage restrictions. Use of all equivalent circuits in the circuit analysis of a PS, formulation of the matrix description of the circuit.

Introduction to the per unit (PU) system, use to facilitate calculations involving transformers and the comparison of dissimilar sized items of equipment.

Alternative energy sources: Introduction to wind, wave, tidal, and solar sources and the way in which they can be converted to electrical energy. Energy density of such sources, comparison with the land usage per MW of a thermal or nuclear power station. Theory of photovoltaics, conversio n of solar energy by photovoltaic and thermal methods. Conversion of wind energy, intermittent and variable nature, use of IM's in wind power, simple generation calculations using the equivalent circuit with negative slip.

Induction generators, performace, equivalent circuit and efficiency.

Synchronous generators, equivalent circuit and efficiency, modes of operations. The concept of infinite system and smart grid.

Simple unbalanced systems and fault analysis.


Teaching and Learning Strategies

COVID-19 Era Teaching and Learning Methods:

Option a. Hybrid delivery, with social distancing on campus

Teaching Method 1 - Online Asynchronous Lectures
Description: Lectures to explain the material
Attendance Recorded: No
Notes: On Average Two Per Week

Teaching Method 2 - On-campus Tutorials with social distancing
Description: Tutorials on the Assignments and Problem Sheets
Attendance Recorded: Yes
Notes: On Average One Per Week

Teaching Method 3 - Formative Assessment
Description: Online tests to check background and module pre-requisites and to check student understsnding
Attendance Recorded: No
Notes: Online Tests on CANVAS

Option b. Fully on-line delivery and assessment

Teaching Method 1 - Online Asynchronous Lectures
Description: Lectures to explain the material
Attendance Recorded: No
Notes: On Average Two Per Week

Teaching Method 2 - Online Synchronous Tutorials
Description: Tutoria ls on the Assignments and Problem Sheets
Attendance Recorded: Yes
Notes: On Average One Per Week

Teaching Method 3 - Formative Assessment
Description: Online tests to check background and module pre-requisites and to check student understsnding
Attendance Recorded: No
Notes: Online Tests on CANVAS

Option c. Standard on-campus delivery with minimal social distancing

Teaching Method 1 - On-campus Lectures
Description: Lectures to explain the material
Attendance Recorded: Yes
Notes: Three Per Week

Teaching Method 2 - On-campus Tutorials
Description: Tutorials on the Assignments and Problem Sheets
Attendance Recorded: Yes
Notes: On Average One Per Week

Teaching Method 3 - Formative Assessment
Description: Online tests to check background and module pre-requisites and to check student understsnding
Attendance Recorded: No
Notes: Online Tests on CANVAS


Teaching Schedule

  Lectures Seminars Tutorials Lab Practicals Fieldwork Placement Other TOTAL
Study Hours 24

        12

36
Timetable (if known)              
Private Study 114
TOTAL HOURS 150

Assessment

EXAM Duration Timing
(Semester)
% of
final
mark
Resit/resubmission
opportunity
Penalty for late
submission
Notes
Class Test 1 Assessment 1 - online test on the VLE Standard UoL penalty applies for late submission. Assessment Schedule (When): Semester 1    10       
Final Exam There is a resit opportunity. Standard UoL penalty applies for late submission. Assessment Schedule (When): Semester 1 examination period    70       
Class Test 2 Assessment 2 - online test on the VLE Standard UoL penalty applies for late submission. Assessment Schedule (When): Semester 1    10       
'mock' test Assessment 3 'mock' test Standard UoL penalty applies for late submission. Assessment Schedule (When): Semester 1    10       
CONTINUOUS Duration Timing
(Semester)
% of
final
mark
Resit/resubmission
opportunity
Penalty for late
submission
Notes
             

Reading List

Reading lists are managed at readinglists.liverpool.ac.uk. Click here to access the reading lists for this module.