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Investigating the interaction between immune cells and biomaterial scaffolds

Funding
Self-funded
Study mode
Full-time
Apply by
Start date
Year round
Subject area
Biological and Biomedical Sciences
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We’re currently showing entry requirements and other information for applicants with qualifications from United Kingdom.

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If your country or region isn’t listed here, please contact us with any questions about studying with us.

Overview

This self-funded PhD project aims to incorporate immunocompatibility assessment early in the design of scaffold structures and determine what architectures elicit a response.

About this opportunity

A plethora of biomaterial scaffolds are researched worldwide for a broad range of tissue applications but consideration of their immune compatibility is often neglected until further down the translational pipeline. By this point considerable time and resources may have been wasted if these scaffolds are subsequently found to have a detrimental effect on cell response and hence are no longer usable for their intended application. This project aims to incorporate immunocompatibility assessment early in the design of scaffold structures and determine what architectures elicit a response.

This PhD project focuses on developing scaffolds of different geometric design using several fabrication technologies (melt electrospinning, melt electrowriting, bioink and extrusion-based printing) and assessing their cellular interactions using a variety of cell types. The project will provide fascinating insight into the design considerations of scaffolds, which are frequently fabricated for a broad range of different applications in tissue regeneration but their impact on immune response is often overlooked until further down the translational pipeline.

Project objectives

Project objectives will include:

  1. Fabrication of scaffolds using several different technologies to create 2D and 3D structures of variable architecture
  2. Physicochemical characterisation of these scaffolds (e.g. surface chemistry, mechanical properties)
  3. Assessment of direct and indirect cell response to these scaffolds using cell lines and primary cells
  4. Assessment of macrophage, T cell, and mast cell response to these scaffolds
  5. Assessment of complement activation to these scaffolds.

You’ll undertake a variety of experiments and learn a range of new skills, including fibre production (electrospinning, melt electrowriting, bioink and extrusion-based printing), primary and immortal cell culture, macrophage, T cell and mast cell response, complement activation, imaging (SEM/confocal), in vitro assays, direct/indirect culture, mechanical testing, degradation studies.

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Who is this for?

We seek a motivated student with a strong interest in biomaterial scaffold design and their immunocompatibility. This project is open to self-funded UK and international applicants.

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How to apply

  1. 1. Contact supervisors

    Please email your CV and cover letter to the primary supervisor, Dr Lucy Bosworth (lucy.bosworth@liverpool.ac.uk), before submitting a formal application online.

    Project supervisors

  2. 2. Prepare your application documents

    You may need the following documents to complete your online application:

    • A research proposal (this should cover the research you’d like to undertake)
    • University transcripts and degree certificates to date
    • Passport details (international applicants only)
    • English language certificates (international applicants only)
    • A personal statement
    • A curriculum vitae (CV)
    • Contact details for two proposed supervisors
    • Names and contact details of two referees.
  3. 3. Apply

    Finally, register and apply online. You'll receive an email acknowledgment once you've submitted your application. We'll be in touch with further details about what happens next.

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Fees and funding

Your tuition fees, funding your studies, and other costs to consider.

Tuition fees

UK fees (applies to Channel Islands, Isle of Man and Republic of Ireland)

Full-time place, per year - £5,006

International fees

Full-time place, per year - £31,250

Fees stated are for the 2025-26 academic year.


Additional costs

We understand that budgeting for your time at university is important, and we want to make sure you understand any costs that are not covered by your tuition fee. This could include buying a laptop, books, or stationery.

Find out more about the additional study costs that may apply to this project, as well as general student living costs.


Funding your PhD

If you're a UK national, or have settled status in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan worth up to £30,301 to help with course fees and living costs.

There’s also a variety of alternative sources of funding. These include funded research opportunities and financial support from UK research councils, charities and trusts. Your supervisor may be able to help you secure funding.


We've set the country or region your qualifications are from as United Kingdom.

Scholarships and bursaries

We offer a range of scholarships and bursaries that could help pay your tuition fees and living expenses.

Duncan Norman Research Scholarship

If you’re awarded this prestigious scholarship, you’ll receive significant funding to support your postgraduate research. This includes full payment of your PhD fees and a cash bursary of £17,000 per year while you study. One award is available in each academic year.

John Lennon Memorial Scholarship

If you’re a UK student, either born in or with strong family connections to Merseyside, you could be eligible to apply for financial support worth up to £12,000 per year for up to three years of full-time postgraduate research (or up to five years part-time pro-rata).

Sport Liverpool Performance Programme

Apply to receive tailored training support to enhance your sporting performance. Our athlete support package includes a range of benefits, from bespoke strength and conditioning training to physiotherapy sessions and one-to-one nutritional advice.

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Contact us

Have a question about this research opportunity or studying a PhD with us? Please get in touch with us, using the contact details below, and we’ll be happy to assist you.

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